Serangan ke atas rumah Fatimah dalam sumber-sumber Ahli Sunah

Templat:شروع متن Templat:سوال Is the incident of the attack on the house of Lady Fatimah (a) also mentioned in Sunni sources? Templat:پایان سوال Templat:پاسخ Templat:درگاهSome Sunnis, regarding the life of Lady Fatimah Zahra (a), have pointed to the lack of authentic documents concerning the incident of the attack on her house and the miscarriage of Muhsin ibn Ali (a) in this event. They also consider the explicit mention of the martyrdom of Lady Fatimah (a) to be without reliable documentation in historical and narrative sources. Nevertheless, numerous sources among Sunni historical and narrative books refer to the issue of the attack on Lady Zahra's house by Umar ibn al-Khattab and by order of Abu Bakr, some of which have been trusted by Sunni scholars.

Attack on the House in Sunni Sources

In Sunni sources, both historical and narrative, the incident of the attack on Lady Zahra's (a) house has been mentioned. The most important of these are listed below:

• Ibn Abi Shaybah, one of the great Sunni scholars (d. 235 AH), in his book Musannaf fi al-Ahadith wa al-Athar, narrates an account of Umar ibn al-Khattab's attack on Fatimah Zahra's (a) house: Templat:متن عربی
• Baladhuri (d. 279 AH), in his book Ansab al-Ashraf, narrates an account of taking allegiance from Lady Ali (a). He writes: Templat:متن عربی
• Baladhuri, a great Sunni hadith scholar, narrates: Abu Bakr sent for Ali (a) to pledge allegiance, but Ali (a) refused. Then Umar moved with a wick (incendiary) and met Fatimah at the door of the house. Fatimah said: O son of Khattab, I see you are trying to burn my house?! Umar said: Yes, this act helps what your father was sent for!
• Ibn Qutaybah writes: Abu Bakr inquired about those who refused to pledge allegiance to him and gathered in Ali's house, and sent Umar after them. He came to Ali's (a) door and called everyone to come out, but they refused to leave the house. At this point, Umar asked for firewood and said: By God, in whose hand is Umar's soul, either you come out or I will burn the house with you. A man said to Umar: O Abu Hafs (Umar's kunya), Fatimah, the daughter of the Prophet, is in this house. He said: So be it! Ibn Qutaybah writes the rest of this story in a more poignant and painful way. He says: Umar came to Fatimah's door with a group. They knocked on the door. When Fatimah heard their voices, she cried out loudly: O Messenger of God, after you, what calamities have befallen us from the son of Khattab and the son of Abu Quhafah! The people who were with Umar, when they heard Zahra's voice and her crying, turned back; but Umar remained with a group and brought Ali out of the house, took him to Abu Bakr, and told him: Pledge allegiance; Ali (a) said: What if I don't pledge allegiance? They said: By God, besides whom there is no god, we will cut off your neck.
• Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari I (d. 310 AH), in his book Tarikh al-Tabari, narrates an account concerning the incident of the attack on Fatimah Zahra's (a) house: Templat:متن عربی.
• Tabari writes: Umar ibn al-Khattab came to Ali's house while a group of Muhajirun had gathered there. He turned to them and said: Zubayr came out of the house with a drawn sword. Suddenly, his foot slipped, the sword fell from his hand, and others rushed at him and seized him.
• Ibn Abd Rabbih (d. 328 AH), regarding the night of the attack on Fatimah's (a) house, writes: Templat:متن عربی.
• Mas'udi (d. 346 AH) writes in his book "Muruj al-Dhahab": Templat:متن عربی.
• Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Juwayni (d. 730 AH), a Sunni scholar, narrates from Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in his book "Fara'id al-Simtayn": Templat:متن عربی.
• Abu al-Fida (d. 732 AH), a Sunni historian, writes about the issue of taking allegiance from Lady Ali (a): Templat:متن عربی.
• Umar Rida Kahhalah (d. 1408 AH), a renowned Sunni researcher and author, states in his book A'lam al-Nisa, after quoting Ibn Qutaybah's narration in al-Imamah wa al-Siyasah: Templat:متن عربی

Views of Sunni Scholars

Despite the denial by some Sunni scholars regarding the existence of authentic hadiths and reports in Shi'i sources to prove the attack on Lady Zahra's (a) house, numerous hadiths and reports in Sunni sources also refer to the martyrdom of Lady Zahra (a) and the attack on her house. The views of some Sunni scholars are mentioned below:

• Ibn Abi al-Hadid al-Mu'tazili (d. 656 AH) quotes his teacher, Abu Ja'far al-Naqib, who made a statement about the miscarriage of Muhsin ibn Ali (a). In this narration, he says: Templat:متن عربی. Abu Ja'far al-Naqib, by comparing the incident of Muhsin ibn Ali's (a) miscarriage with the incident of Zaynab bint Rasul (PBUH), emphasizes the oppression of Fatimah Zahra (a). He points out the similarity between these two incidents, where Sunnis consider Zaynab's death a martyrdom, while Fatimah Zahra (a), who passed away three months after her miscarriage, is often not considered a martyr. This comparison highlights the unequal approach of Sunnis to these events.
• Hasan Farhan al-Maliki, a contemporary Sunni scholar, writes about the incident of the attack: Templat:متن عربی. Hasan Farhan, in the footnote to this passage, writes: Templat:متن عربی.
• Sayyid Hasan Husayni, after stating a part of the narration quoted from Ibn Shaybah regarding Umar ibn al-Khattab's threat to burn Fatimah Zahra's (a) house, introduces the source of his narration as follows: Templat:متن عربی.
• Abd al-Fattah Abd al-Maqsud and his book Al-Imam Ali, he mentions the attack on the house of revelation in two instances in his book, and we will suffice with quoting one of them: By Him in whose hand is Umar's soul, either you come out or I will burn the house upon its inhabitants. Some who feared God and respected the Prophet's (PBUH) status after him said: Abu Hafs, Fatimah is in this house. He shouted fearlessly: So be it. He approached, knocked on the door, then pounded on the door and entered the house. Ali (a) appeared... The resonance of Zahra's voice rose near the entrance... This was her cry for help...
• Mas'udi in Muruj al-Dhahab writes: "When Abu Bakr was on his deathbed, he said: I did three things and wished I had not done them; one of those three things was: 'Fawadadtu anni lam akun fattashtu bayta Fatimah wa dhakara fi dhalika kalaman kathiran; I wished I had not violated the sanctity of Zahra's house.' He said a lot about this."
• Dhahabi in his book Mizan al-I'tidal quotes Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Kufi al-Hafiz that in the presence of Ahmad ibn Muhammad, known as Ibn Abi Darim, the Kufi hadith scholar, this report was read: "Inna Umar rafasa Fatimah hatta asqatat bi Muhsin; Umar kicked Fatimah until she miscarried Muhsin."
• Ibn Abi al-Hadid writes: Muhammad ibn Yazid ibn Abd al-Akbar al-Baghdadi, the renowned litterateur and author of famous works, in his book Al-Kamil, narrates from Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf the story of the caliph's wishes, and it is recalled: "Wadadtu anni lam akun kashaftu an bayti Fatimah wa taraktuhu wa law aghlaqa ala al-harb."
• Ibrahim ibn Sayyar al-Nazzam al-Mu'tazili, known as al-Nazzam for the beauty of his prose and poetry, narrates the event after the presence in Fatimah's (a) house in several books. He says: "Inna Umar daraba batna Fatimah yawm al-bay'ah hatta alqat al-Muhsin min batniha; Umar struck Fatimah's stomach on the day of taking allegiance for Abu Bakr, and she miscarried the child in her womb, whom they had named Muhsin!"
• Ibn Abd Rabbih al-Andalusi, the author of the book Al-Iqd al-Farid, narrates from Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf in his book: I visited Abu Bakr during his illness to inquire about him. After much discussion, he said: I wish I had not done three things, and one of those three things is: I wish I had not opened Fatimah's house, even though they had closed the door for battle.
• Tabarani narrates: Abu Bakr, at the time of his death, wished for certain things and said: I wish I had not done three things, I wish I had done three things, and I wish I had asked the Messenger of God about three things: "Amma al-thalath al-la'i wadadtu anni lam af'alhunna, fawadadtu anni lam akun akshif bayta Fatimah wa taraktuhu..." As for the three things I wish I had not done, I wish I had not violated the sanctity of Fatimah's house and left it alone!
• Abu Ubayd, Qasim ibn Sallam, in his book Al-Amwal, which is trusted by Sunni jurists, writes: Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf says: I went to Abu Bakr's house to visit him during his illness. After much conversation, he said: I wish I had not done three things that I did, and I wish I had done three things that I did not do. I also wish I had asked the Prophet about three things; one of those three things that I did and wish I had not done is: "Wadadtu anni lam akshif bayta Fatimah wa taraktuhu wa in aghlaqa ala al-harb; I wish I had not unveiled the sanctity of Fatimah's house and left it alone, even if it was closed for war." When Abu Ubayd reaches that point, instead of the phrase: "lam akshif bayta Fatimah wa taraktuhu...", he says: "kadha wa kadha" and adds that he is unwilling to mention it. Although Abu Ubayd, out of religious zeal or another reason, refrained from stating the truth, the researchers of the book Al-Amwal state in the footnote: The deleted sentences are included in the book Mizan al-I'tidal, in addition to which Tabarani in his Mu'jam and Ibn Abd Rabbih in Iqd al-Farid and other individuals have included the deleted sentences.